GALAGEDERA VILLE

Stroll, shop, and take in the daily life of the high street in a typical small highland town

Surrounded by mountains up to 2,000 feet high, Galagedera is the gateway to the hill country.
Although it still lacks local branches of Harrods, Harvey Nicks, or Fauchon, it nevertheless boasts that rarest of all things in the online delivery age - a thriving high street.

Centuries ago, it presented a daunting stranglehold to colonial armies bent on invading Kandy. In 1765, the town took to its hills to roll vast rocks down onto Van Eck's failed invasion. Shortly afterwards, the hapless Dutchman signed a treaty in the city with the Kandyan king.

A similar attempt to hold up the British army in 1804 was less successful. In Udupitya, on the town’s outskirts, lay the king’s martial training grounds, and at Balum Gala, above the present Flame Tree Estate & Hotel, he kept his lookout for invaders. In the valley hamlets around the town, huge iron link chains have been discovered, part of a defence to open the sluice gates and flood any invaders. 

But all to no avail. The British merely bribed his principal minister and captured the kingdom through the back door, bringing to an end the last independent kingdom on the island.


Galagedera High Street really is that - a long ribbon of a road, with almost 200 shops and businesses on either side, beginning on the left as you slip out of the gates of the Flame Tree Hotel and set off down the Rambukkana road.

At almost any time of the day, it brims with pedestrians and traffic – especially other tuk tuks. Pause and watch. People talk. They pause and gossip, trade news, and they know one another. Amidst innumerable clothes shops, tiny cafes, photographers with technicolour backdrops, fishmongers and butchers, woodcarvers and timber yards, small shops selling plastic chairs from China, water tanks, clothes, fruit and vegetables, and basic household goods, there is a wide range of businesses and services.

Turn left out of the hotel gates, and it is the hospital you arrive at first, an agreeable village example of the free and universal health care system enjoyed right across the country. Sri Lanka’s health system has had a seismic impact on national life, improving life expectancy and dramatically reducing maternal and infant deaths. It runs parallel to paid-for private health care, offering faster and sometimes more advanced treatment. And it co-exists with an indigenous medicine system supported by its own network of doctors and nurses, pharmacies, hospitals, teaching colleges, and a bespoke government ministry.

Galagedera’s cottage hospital treats around 300 outpatients a day and admits around 20 patients to its wards, cared for by around five doctors and 40 nurses. Dental care, basic health care, basic mental health care, and maternity care are all provided, but more complex cases and conditions are referred to the central state hospital in Kandy.

This includes, on average, 10 snake bites per year, but not scorpion bites, which can be treated locally. Colds, flu, and road accidents are all typical of its challenges – but so too are people injured by falling off trees or being hit by falling coconuts.

Next up is the village’s central bus station, which receives buses to and from Kandy or Kurunegala throughout the day. Notaries have their offices here, close to the village Magistrate's Court, one of over 5,000 such government offices nationwide, and a short walk from the village’s large police office, one of 600 nationwide.

Close at hand, and convenient for a tidy court appearance, is the village’s tiny handloom workshop: authentic looms being worked by real people to produce lovely, patterned fabric.

Further along is the Galagedera Primary School and the Sujatha Girls School. Founded in 1906, this is the only girls' school in the area, teaching around 1,000 pupils from first grade on.

The village’s primary school, Galagedera Central College, is tucked away behind the town. Founded over 120 years ago, this large state school takes in students aged 10 to 18, with about 70 staff members educating 1,000 students.

For hardcore consumers, a retail treat comes next with The Global Electrics and Paint Shop, owned by one of 3 brothers, the hardware tycoons of the village. The second brother trades in items such as cement, plumbing, and electrics, and the third in glass. They are a second-generation business family, the enterprise having started 40 years earlier.

Their somewhat surprising neighbour is Green Life, a plantation investment company that specialises in guavas.

Given that the fruit, delicious in jams, desserts, and chutneys, originated in South America but has been used in traditional Sri Lankan medicine for hundreds of years, it likely arrived sometime after 1505 with the Portuguese. Guavas are grown mainly in the dry zone, not in the hill country of Galagedera, so this anomaly of an office is a rare and mysterious thing, as much to me as to its manager.

Then you encounter one of the village’s great retail treasures: the Ayurveda Medicine Shop. Once little larger than a wardrobe, this enterprise has ballooned over the past 8 years and sells over 100 different pungent herbs, made up to whatever prescription the customer presents.

Amongst its many wonders is devil’s dung. Made from the dried latex of carrot-related plants from central Asia, this curious version of Asafoetida finds greater favour amongst cooks than patients for the smooth onion-like flavour it bestows with generous grace to any dish to which it is added.

The village boasts a branch of Durdans Laboratories whose range of basic medical tests often saves a longer journey to the leading hospitals in Peradeniya. The chain began in 1945 and is one of several leading private health care providers, such as Lanka Hospital and Asiri.

The village, being about 40% Muslim, naturally boasts its own mosque, this one a large white-and-green structure, whose Imman’s call to prayer, a welcome musical improvement on the previous incumbent, can be heard daily across the jungle.

Sri Lanka has well over 1 million tuk-tuks on its register, so it is no surprise to find several 3-wheel garages in the village, one of the better ones being New Chooti Motor Centre. Most tuk tuk drivers are careful and law-abiding souls; even so, the vehicles account for almost 4,000 road incidents annually, nearly 8% of them fatal.

As the row of shops thins out on the left, you pass the Government Vet, their animal mandate including the usual tally of cats and dogs, but also sizable numbers of goats and some 100 weekly out calls for cows.

Nearby is the Hanna Gold Shop, one of several tiny gold shops in the village, whose products are typically 22 carats or less. It lies close to a significant Village Sports ground - usually silent and locked except on those days when politicians come to town, eager for large rallies, or for very occasional music performances or even sports tournaments.

Most of the main political parties have a few branch offices in Galagedera, and the village tends to be a swing constituency, typically voting for whichever party wins that year's election.

Beyond the sport’s ground, the village peters out to paddy and the occasional house or roadside café. Still, on the other side of the road heading back into Galagedera, it starts up again, this time with the capacious Office of the Agricultural Instructor.

Set up in 1935 and now staffed by 32 people, half of whom are field officers, they are part of a government network that provides practical support to small farmers, with subsidised sales of plants and fertiliser, water provision and horticultural advice for the main commercial crops – rice, pepper, cardamom, coconut, clovers, cinnamon and rubber. Financial advice is also on hand, with a branch of the Agricultural Bank set up on its grounds, as well as the help of a more spiritual nature, provided by the not insignificant shrine to Lord Buddha that greets you on your arrival.

Along from here is the Jabbar Central College, a mixed-gender Muslim school and a branch of Lanka Petrel, a filling station with reasonably non-rusty tanks and reliable petrol.

The almost-next-door B&B Bake House is another of the village’s treasures. Going for over 20 years, it turns out to be over 350 loaves and 1000 other assorted muffins, cakes, buns, and sweet eats, twice daily, in time for the early morning rush and the end-of-day homecoming.

Another near and treasured is Kandurata Spice, one of 3 spice shops in the village. This one has been running for over 40 years and is now in its second generation of family owners, sourcing its crops from local farmers. Alongside very well-graded quantities of nutmeg, mace, clove, cinnamon, cardamom and pepper, it also sells rubber sheets, areca nuts and, unaccountably, brooms.

Dried fish - especially sprats, skipjack tuna, shark, sardines, and queen fish - is a staple in the Sri Lankan diet and is found in the most unexpected of dishes. Smoking gives the meat a pleasing flavour, colour, and taste; more importantly, it provides consumers with a more affordable source of animal protein.

Many shops sell it in the village, including the popular Fish Bar, which is next to the One Up Shoe Shop, whose tagline (“The Best Footwear”) well reflects its extensive range of trainers and chappals. Rush Mobile, just on for here, is probably the best phone shop in the village, and though they don’t repair phones, they do sell many accessories.

A busy printer, Chandena Offset, is also to be found here, with its office equipped with sophisticated production capacity to design and print on paper, wood, plastic, or resin. Stopping by at almost any time of the day and seeing a continual flow of customers eager to get adverts printed for poppadams, Muslim delicacies, fliers for shop launches, wedding invitations, and CVs. Always, lots of XCVS.

There is a range of barber shops and beauty salons in the village, though you can’t really beat arranging for Dilruk to come to cut your hair on site at The Flame Tree Estate & Hotel under the frangipani trees.

Several foreign employment agencies also have tiny branches in the village. In just six (albeit turbulent) years from 2019, 1.3 million Sri Lankans have left the country to work abroad – nearly 6% of the entire island population. The paperwork for leaving, still less getting a job, is a torturous process. Although the greater number end up in the Gulf States, many Western agencies, such as the UK’s NHS, have become dependent on appropriating foreign talent.

The branches of several large nationwide banks can be found in the village, the Bank of Ceylon, with its Soviet-style service; the People’s Bank and the NSB. All have ATMs and, even better, air conditioning.

A busy mini retail park of 5 shops in a row also lies on this side of the road, all owned and managed by relatives of Priyanka, our go-to guy for hotel shopping, whose range of aphoristic T-shirts provokes daily comment.

The shops include the village’s leading religious shop. Although the odd statue of Ganesh can be spotted, its stock is primarily Buddhist.

Statues of Lord Buddha in cement, plaster of Paris, stone, fibreglass, and ceramic fill every ledge and floor space, along with religious paintings and items that worshipers can buy to gift to the monk: robes, pillows, sheets, and ceremonial yellow sun umbrellas. It also sells a range of religious accessories, including fly whisks, incense, bells, oil lamps, walking sticks and even electric lights in the shape of the sacred Bo Tree.

The village supports a tiny branch of Cargills, an outpost of the island’s oldest supermarket chain, which began life in 1844 with branches in Kandy and Galle before opening its iconic main branch on the site of the old Governor General’s palace in Colombo in 1902.

This red and white brick structure was designed by the Scottish architect James Skinner, father of many of the island’s most significant buildings, who hanged himself at his offices in Colombo Fort on 26 December 1910, having never recovered from an earlier bicycling accident.

Just around the corner is Super Meds Central Pharmacy, owned and run by Harsha for over 10 years, which can source most medicines. Opposite is the Post Office, a large building with 32 staff who collect and redistribute thousands of letters and parcels daily across the Galagedera region. Here, too, people pay utility bills, make money orders and even send telegrams.

Up from here is the village’s Pradeshiya Sabha, one of 276 across the island. These local councils are where many public services are accessed and governed – including the management of public spaces, roads, sanitation, and water supply; public health and safety; the collection of local revenue; the implementation of regional development plans; and the enforcement of by-laws and planning regulations.

Should you then wander past the entrance to The Flame Tree Estate and Hotel, heading along the main road to Kandy, you encounter two plush cafes. The Royal Lion Hotel, the first of these, also offers rooms.

Further along is Café OMeili, set up and managed by Srimal, a stylish and enterprising ex-banker with a sideline in hill country strawberries. His air-conditioned, beautifully designed premises sell a wide range of coffees, teas, soft drinks, and made-on-site snacks that would put most coffee shops in London or New York to shame.

Going up the hill, you take you to the nearest liquor shop, which, like all shops of this kind, goes by the name Wine Shop. Selling any liquor here demands of its retailer such quantities of patience as would trouble the dead.